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Fundamental And Derived Quantities

The quantities that are independent of other quantities are called fundamental quantities. The quantities that are derived using the fundamental quantities are called derived quantities

Jagriti
updated: 23 May 2022

 Unit, Dimensions and measurements > Fundamental and Derived Quantities

Fundamental and Derived Quantities

  • The quantities that are independent of other quantities are called fundamental quantities. The units that are used to measure these fundamental quantities are called fundamental units. There are four systems of units namely C.G.S [centimeter(cm), gram(gm), second(sec)], M.K.S [metre(m), kilogram(kg), second(sec)], F.P.S [foot, pound, second] and Si [International system of units].
  • The quantities that are derived using the fundamental quantities are called derived quantities. The units that are used to measure these derived quantities are called derived units.

Fundamental and Supplementary physical quantities in SI system:

Fundamental quantity System of Units
C.G.S M.K.S F.P.S
Length Centimeter Meter Foot
Mass Gram Kilogram Pound
Time Second Second Second

Unit and symbol of quantities:

Quantity Unit Symbol
Length Metre m
Mass Kilogram Kg
Time Second sec
Electric Current Ampere A
Temperature Kelvin K
Amount of Substance Mole mol
Luminous Intensity Candela cd

Practical units

  • Length
    • 1 angstrom = 1A = 10-10= 10 cm 10 mm 0.1 mm
    • 1 micron = um = 10-6 m
    • 1 Light year = 1 ly = 9.46 x 1015 m
    • 1 Parsec 1pc = 3.26 light year
  • Mass
    • Metric tonne: 1 Metric tonne 1000 kg
    • Quintal: 1 Quintal = 100 kg
    • Atomic mass unit (AMU) : AMU = 1.67 x 10-27kg
  • Time
    • 1 year = 365.25 days = 3.156 x 107 sec.
    • 1 solar year = 365.25 average solar day
    • Average solar day = 1/365.25 the part of a solar year
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