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Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 1) - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 1)
Q. Name the antiviral drug that blocks the fusion of HIV receptors to the coreceptors required for virus entry into the cell
Ans → fusion inhibitor
Explanation →
Q. Name the study that compares entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization
Ans → Genomics
Explanation →
Q. Name the cells that can assists in the organization of neurons, provides a scaffold for some aspects of neuron function, and aids in recovery from neural injury
Ans → glial cell
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of kidney infection involving the glomeruli of the nephrons
Ans → glomerulonephritis
Explanation →
Q. Name the capillary bed in the nephron of the kidney that filters blood to form urine
Ans → glomerulus
Explanation →
Q. Name the cell envelope structure outside the cell wall in some bacteria that allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces,
Ans → glycocalyx
Explanation →
Q. Name the highly branched storage polysaccharide that is found animal cells and bacteria
Ans → glycogen
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of antibacterials that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan subunits and blocking their insertion into the cell wall backbone.
Ans → glycopeptides
Explanation →
Q. Name the bond that forms between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar molecules
Ans → glycosidic bond
Explanation →
Q. Name a common STI of the reproductive system caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ans → gonorrhea
Explanation →
Q. Name a differential staining technique that distinguishes bacteria based upon their cell wall structure
Ans → Gram stain procedure
Explanation →
Q. Name leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules in the cytoplasm
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. Name proteases released from a natural killer cell that enter the cytoplasm of a target cell, inducing apoptosis
Ans → granzymes
Explanation →
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
Q. Name the structure embedded in the dermis from which hair grows
Ans → hair follicle
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that depends on high concentrations of salt in the environment to grow
Ans → halophile
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that grows in the presence of high salt concentration but does not require it
Ans → halotolerant
Explanation →
Q. Name the chronic bacterial infection of peripheral nervous tissues caused by the acid-fast bacterium,
Ans → Hansen’s Disease
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. Process by which energy from sunlight is absorbed by pigment molecules in photosynthetic membranes and converted into stored chemical energy in the forms of ATP and NADPH
Ans → light-dependent reaction
Explanation →
Q. The process of separation of a racemate into its two enantiomers by means of some chiral agency.
Ans → resolution
Explanation →
Q. Small red or purple spots on the skin that result from blood leaking out of damaged vessels
Ans → petechiae
Explanation →
Q. A Biologically active substance, which when biodistributed in the body is expected to modify one or more of its functions.
Ans → drug
Explanation →
Q. The nucleotide that serves as an intermediate for biosynthetic reaction
Ans → UDP-glucose , CDP- acylglycerol , S Adenosylmethionine
Explanation →
Q. Name the molecule that is too small to be antigenic alone but becomes antigenic when conjugated to a larger protein molecule
Ans → hapten
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of T cells that is the central orchestrator of the cellular and humoral defenses of adaptive immunity and the cellular defenses of innate immunity
Ans → helper T cells
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. A process in which a compound of one oxidation state changes to compounds two or more oxidation states
Ans → disproportionation
Explanation →
Q. The very first enzyme elevated in serum in myocardial infarction
Ans → Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)
Explanation →
Q. Name leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules in the cytoplasm
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. The term given to organic molecules which contain no multiple bonds.
Ans → saturated
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Solid material that exists at least in two different molecular arrangements, i.e., distinctly different crystal species.
Ans → polymorph
Explanation →
Q. The amino acid that is completely destroyed by acid hydrolysis of protein
Ans → Tryptophan
Explanation →
Q. The glycosaminoglycan that serves as a lubricant and shock absorbant of joints
Ans → Hyaluronic acid
Explanation →
Q. The inhibition of the enzyme pancreatic lipase by bile salts is overcome by a protein, namely
Ans → Colipase
Explanation →
Q. Name the plasmid containing genes encoding proteins that make a bacterial cell resistant to one or more antibiotics
Ans → R plasmid
Explanation →
Q. Concentration of a drug that must be achieved in the plasma before any desired therapeutic or pharmacological effect can be obtained.
Ans → minimum effective plasma concentration
Explanation →
Q. The bonds responsible for a majority of high-energy compounds are
Ans → Phosphoanhydride bonds
Explanation →
Q. A a substance which cannot be further subdivided by chemical methods.
Ans → element
Explanation →
Q. A compound released from a natural killer cell that creates pores in the target cell through which other toxins (particularly granzymes) can gain access to the cytoplasm
Ans → perforin
Explanation →
Q. An unstable and toxic ions and molecules derived from partial reduction of oxygen
Ans → reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Explanation →
Q. Lipid-based chemical mediators produced by leukocytes and other tissue cells; promote inflammation and allergic responses
Ans → leukotrienes
Explanation →
Q. Process of agglomeration that converts fine powders or granules of bulk drugs and excipients into small, free-flowing, spherical, or semi-spherical units, referred to as pellets.
Ans → pelletization
Explanation →
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. The copper containing protein involved for the conversion of ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+) in the plasma
Ans → Ceruloplasmin
Explanation →
Q. Class of antiprotozoan drugs long used for the treatment of malaria; interferes with heme detoxification
Ans → quinolines
Explanation →