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Name the organism that depends on high concentrations of salt in the environment to grow
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the organism that depends on high concentrations of salt in the environment to grow
Ans → halophile
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 1) - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 1)
Q. Name the antiviral drug that blocks the fusion of HIV receptors to the coreceptors required for virus entry into the cell
Ans → fusion inhibitor
Explanation →
Q. Name the study that compares entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization
Ans → Genomics
Explanation →
Q. Name the cells that can assists in the organization of neurons, provides a scaffold for some aspects of neuron function, and aids in recovery from neural injury
Ans → glial cell
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of kidney infection involving the glomeruli of the nephrons
Ans → glomerulonephritis
Explanation →
Q. Name the capillary bed in the nephron of the kidney that filters blood to form urine
Ans → glomerulus
Explanation →
Q. Name the cell envelope structure outside the cell wall in some bacteria that allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces,
Ans → glycocalyx
Explanation →
Q. Name the highly branched storage polysaccharide that is found animal cells and bacteria
Ans → glycogen
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of antibacterials that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan subunits and blocking their insertion into the cell wall backbone.
Ans → glycopeptides
Explanation →
Q. Name the bond that forms between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar molecules
Ans → glycosidic bond
Explanation →
Q. Name a common STI of the reproductive system caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ans → gonorrhea
Explanation →
Q. Name a differential staining technique that distinguishes bacteria based upon their cell wall structure
Ans → Gram stain procedure
Explanation →
Q. Name leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules in the cytoplasm
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. Name proteases released from a natural killer cell that enter the cytoplasm of a target cell, inducing apoptosis
Ans → granzymes
Explanation →
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
Q. Name the structure embedded in the dermis from which hair grows
Ans → hair follicle
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that depends on high concentrations of salt in the environment to grow
Ans → halophile
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that grows in the presence of high salt concentration but does not require it
Ans → halotolerant
Explanation →
Q. Name the chronic bacterial infection of peripheral nervous tissues caused by the acid-fast bacterium,
Ans → Hansen’s Disease
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. The process of separation of a racemate into its two enantiomers by means of some chiral agency.
Ans → resolution
Explanation →
Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme that unwinds DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs, using ATP
Ans → helicase
Explanation →
Q. An agent able to produce positively charged hydrogen ions (H+). [Since the hydrogen ion is a bare proton, it usually exists in a solvated form (such as H3O+).]
Ans → acid
Explanation →
Q. Used to describe when symmetric parts of a molecule are not super imposable on one another.
Ans → chirality
Explanation →
Q. An infection of the external ear canal, most commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa; often called swimmer’s ear
Ans → otitis externa
Explanation →
Q. Name the study that compares entire genomes, including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization
Ans → Genomics
Explanation →
Q. Movement of a pathogen from one host to another population through physical contact or through droplet transmission
Ans → horizontal direct transmission
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. It is staining method which differentiates morphologically similar organisms, by staining with more than one stain
Ans → Differential staining
Explanation →
Q. The cofactor required for the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine is
Ans → Tetrahydrobiopterin
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. A rare form of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy endemic to Papua New Guinea
Ans → kuru
Explanation →
Q. Name the inflammation of the mouth and gums that is often caused by the HSV-1 virus
Ans → herpetic gingivostomatitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme that unwinds DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs, using ATP
Ans → helicase
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. A form of microbial control using heat that is applied to foods; kills pathogens and reduces the number of spoilage-causing microbes while maintaining food quality
Ans → pasteurization
Explanation →
Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
Explanation →
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of atoms yet differ in their 3-D orientation.
Ans → Stereoisomer
Explanation →
Q. The most commonly employed technique for separation of plasma proteins
Ans → Electrophoresis
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. A glycoprotein expressed only on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and involved in the presentation of foreign antigens from pathogens ingested by phagocytosis
Ans → MHC II molecule
Explanation →
Q. Substrate level phosphorylation in citric acid cycle is catalysed by the enzyme
Ans → Succinate thiokinase
Explanation →
Q. Name the cell envelope structure outside the cell wall in some bacteria that allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces,
Ans → glycocalyx
Explanation →
Q. Process by which energy from sunlight is absorbed by pigment molecules in photosynthetic membranes and converted into stored chemical energy in the forms of ATP and NADPH
Ans → light-dependent reaction
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. Close, tight aggregation of colloid particles, emulsion droplets, suspension particles, which are difficult to redisperse.
Ans → coagulation
Explanation →
Q. Name the cell envelope structure outside the cell wall in some bacteria that allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces,
Ans → glycocalyx
Explanation →