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Name the longest identical peptide chains in antibody molecules (two per antibody monomer) that composed of variable and constant region segments
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the longest identical peptide chains in antibody molecules (two per antibody monomer) that composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → heavy chains
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 2) - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 2)
Q. Name the molecule that is too small to be antigenic alone but becomes antigenic when conjugated to a larger protein molecule
Ans → hapten
Explanation →
Q. Name the painless ulcer that develops at the site of infection in primary syphilis
Ans → hard chancre
Explanation →
Q. Name hypothyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Hashimoto thyroiditis
Explanation →
Q. Leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. A common STI of the reproductive system caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ans → Gonorrheao
Explanation →
Q. Name the longest identical peptide chains in antibody molecules (two per antibody monomer) that composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → heavy chains
Explanation →
Q. Bonds forms between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar molecules
Ans → glycosidic bond
Explanation →
Q. Class of antibacterials that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan subunits and blocking their insertion into the cell wall
Ans → glycopeptides
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme that unwinds DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs, using ATP
Ans → helicase
Explanation →
Q. A type of kidney infection involving the glomeruli of the nephrons
Ans → glomerulonephritis
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of T cells that is the central orchestrator of the cellular and humoral defenses of adaptive immunity and the cellular defenses of innate immunity
Ans → helper T cells
Explanation →
Q. Name the graph modeling the number of cells in a culture over time
Ans → growth curve
Explanation →
Q. Visible clumping of red blood cells that can be caused by some viruses, bacteria, and certain diseases in which antibodies
Ans → hemagglutination
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. For a substance, the time required for the amount of a drug or a substance in a biological system to be reduced to one-half of its value by biological processes when the rate of removal is approximately exponential.
Ans → biological half life
Explanation →
Q. Process in which powder particles are made to aggregate to larger particles called granules.
Ans → granulation
Explanation →
Q. The tendency for a molecule to acquire electrons and become reduced
Ans → redox potential
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. A type of endocytosis in which extracellular ligands are targeted to specific cells through their binding to specific cell surface receptors
Ans → receptor-mediated endocytosis
Explanation →
Q. The lipids that are not the structural components of biological membranes
Ans → Triacylglycerols
Explanation →
Q. A functional group consisting of an internal carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two other carbon atoms
Ans → Ketones
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. a solution of definite pH made up in such a way that the pH alters only gradually with the addition of an acid or a base.
Ans → buffer solution
Explanation →
Q. The disease in which very high amount of tryptophan (nearly 60%) is converted to serotonin is
Ans → Malignant carcinoid syndrome
Explanation →
Q. Name the hyperthyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Graves disease
Explanation →
Q. A group of genes with related functions often found clustered together within the prokaryotic chromosome and transcribed under the control of a single promoter and operator repression sequence
Ans → operon
Explanation →
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
Explanation →
Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
Explanation →
Q. Lipid-based chemical mediators produced by leukocytes and other tissue cells; promote inflammation and allergic responses
Ans → leukotrienes
Explanation →
Q. The major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions is
Ans → Carbohydrates
Explanation →
Q. The tendency for a molecule to acquire electrons and become reduced
Ans → redox potential
Explanation →
Q. The chemical reaction that removes electrons (often as part of H atoms) from donor molecules, leaving them oxidized
Ans → oxidation reaction
Explanation →
Q. A reaction between an acid and a base that results in salt and water.
Ans → neutralization reaction
Explanation →
Q. A ligand that binds to a receptor and alters the receptor state resulting in a biological response.
Ans → Agonist
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. An instrument used to measure the amount of rotation of plane polarized light by a compound, generally prepared in a solution
Ans → polarimeter
Explanation →
Q. The coenzyme directly concerned with the synthesis of biogenic amines
Ans → Pyridoxal phosphate
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. Name a technological process, which consists of mixing or inclusion of the therapeutic substance with an excipient or their mixtures, typically as a matrix dosage form, in order to change the rate of release.
Ans → embedding
Explanation →
Q. A virus composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid
Ans → naked virus
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. Exploratory activity that begins early in pharmaceutics, involving studies designed to determine the compatibility of excipients with the active substance for a biopharmaceutical; physicochemical and bioanalytical investigation
Ans → preformulation
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. An adaptive immune defenses received from another individual or animal
Ans → passive immunity
Explanation →
Q. Leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →