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Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. Name the antiviral drugs that block the activity of the HIV integrase responsible for recombination of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host cell chromosome
Ans → integrase inhibitors
Explanation →
Q. Name the molecule that slides between the stacked nitrogenous bases of the DNA double helix, potentially resulting in a frameshift mutation
Ans → intercalating agent
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
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Q. Cytokines released by cells that have been infected with a virus; stimulate antiviral responses in nearby cells as well as the cells secreting the interferons
Ans → interferons
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. A chemical processes in which the proportion of more electronegative substituents is decreased, or the charge is made more negative, or the oxidation number is lowered.
Ans → reduction
Explanation →
Q. On a light microscope, the lenses closest to the specimen, typically located at the ends of turrets is called as
Ans → objective lenses
Explanation →
Q. A full agonist is an agonist that produces the largest maximal response of any known agonist that acts on the same receptor.
Ans → Full Agonist
Explanation →
Q. Name an organelle of the endomembrane system that contains digestive enzymes that break down engulfed material such as foodstuffs, infectious particles, or damaged cellular components
Ans → lysosome
Explanation →
Q. A graph of the energy of a reaction against the progress of the reaction.
Ans → energy diagram
Explanation →
Q. A highly infectious zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii that farmers can contract from their animals by inhalation
Ans → Q fever
Explanation →
Q. Class of antiprotozoan drugs long used for the treatment of malaria; interferes with heme detoxification
Ans → quinolines
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. The percentage of yield that occurred versus the theoretical yield.
Ans → percent yield
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. a term which may be applied to any asymmetric object or molecule. The property of non-identity of an object with its mirror image
Ans → chirality
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of antifungal drugs that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis
Ans → imidazoles
Explanation →
Q. The science of studying a collection of mRNA molecules produced from microbial communities
Ans → metatranscriptomics
Explanation →
Q. Solid preparation that on contact with water breaks apart by the effect of gas evolution, resulting commonly from the reaction of hydrogen carbonate with citric or tartaric acid, in order to facilitate dissolution or dispersion of the active ingredient before ingestion.
Ans → effervescent tablet
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
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Q. Cholesterol synthesis is controlled by feedback inhibition of the enzyme
Ans → HMG CoA reductase
Explanation →
Q. A chemical reaction where water is introduced in another substance usually to separate it.
Ans → hydrolysis
Explanation →
Q. A hydrocarbon containing a carbonyl (C=O) adjacent to an ether (C-O-C) linkage.
Ans → Esters
Explanation →
Q. The most important enzyme involved in oxidative deamination is
Ans → Glutamate dehydrogenase
Explanation →
Q. The process of separating the lighter particles of a powder from the heavier ones by means of an upward-directed stream of fluid
Ans → elutriation
Explanation →
Q. When a complex molecule becomes broken apart to create two or more smaller ones.
Ans → decomposition
Explanation →
Q. The sideways projection of a carbon-carbon single bond and the attached substituents.
Ans → sawhorse projection
Explanation →
Q. Which are the organic substances relatively insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents (alcohol, ether).
Ans → Lipids
Explanation →
Q. Name the highly branched storage polysaccharide that is found animal cells and bacteria
Ans → glycogen
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. When a complex is formed between a metal ion and an a ligand in solution, the equilibrium may be expressed by a constant which is related to the free energy change for the process
Ans → stability constant
Explanation →
Q. Process of agglomeration that converts fine powders or granules of bulk drugs and excipients into small, free-flowing, spherical, or semi-spherical units, referred to as pellets.
Ans → pelletization
Explanation →
Q. The lipoproteins synthesized in the intestinal mucosal cells from the absorbed lipids are
Ans → Chylomicrons
Explanation →
Q. The energy levels of electrons in an atom which may be described in terms of the four quantum numbers.
Ans → atomic orbital
Explanation →
Q. Pace at which a drug along with the stomach content leaves and enters the duodenum.
Ans → gastric emptying rate
Explanation →
Q. The process of separation of a racemate into its two enantiomers by means of some chiral agency.
Ans → resolution
Explanation →
Q. The stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. Name the compound that is increased in RBC of anemic patients to facilitate the supply of O2 to the tissues
Ans → 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Explanation →
Q. Consists of several different layers that are compressed on top of each other, to form a single tablet composed of two or more layers.
Ans → multilayer tablet
Explanation →
Q. The network of neurons that connects the CNS with organs, sensory organs, and muscles throughout the body
Ans → peripheral nervous system
Explanation →