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The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important questions (one liners Set - 7) Pharmacy
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Name the organism that uses fixed organic carbon compounds as its carbon source
Ans → heterotroph
Explanation →
Q. Name the bacteria that have more than 50% guanine and cytosine nucleotides in their DNA
Ans → high G+C gram-positive bacteria
Explanation →
Q. Which bond is formed between the negatively charged phosphate groups that holds a lot of potential energy
Ans → high-energy phosphate bond
Explanation →
Q. Name the large group of antigens bound by antibodies; large enough to settle out of fluid suspension
Ans → immune complex
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Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. Technique in which antibody or antigen can be concentrated by passing fluids through porous membranes, and target molecules are captured as they pass
Ans → immunofiltration
Explanation →
Q. Fungal disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum
Ans → histoplasmosis
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Q. A technique that uses a fluorescence microscope and antibody-specific fluorochromes to determine the presence of specific pathogens in a specimen
Ans → immunofluorescence
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Q. A staining technique in which labeled antibodies are bound to specific cells in a tissue section
Ans → immunohistochemistry (IHC)
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Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
Explanation →
Q. Outside the organism in a test tube or artificial environment is known as
Ans → in vitro
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Q. Proinflammatory molecule released by basophils and mast cells in response to stimulation by other cytokines and chemical mediators
Ans → histamine
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Q. This refers to protozoans that consume food particles through phagoctytosis
Ans → holozoic
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Q. Name the process producing only lactic acid as a fermentation product
Ans → homolactic fermentation
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Q. Vaccine composed of whole pathogen cells or viruses that have been killed or inactivated through treatment with heat, radiation, or chemicals
Ans → inactivated vaccine
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. The number of individuals with new infections of a particular disease in a given period of time is called
Ans → incidence
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Q. Movement of a pathogen from one host to another population through physical contact or through droplet transmission
Ans → horizontal direct transmission
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. The first stage of acute disease, during which the pathogen begins multiplying in the host and signs and symptoms are not observable
Ans → incubation period
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Q. The successful colonization of a microorganism within a host is called as
Ans → infection
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Q. Name the types of host cells that a particular virus is able to infect
Ans → host range
Explanation →
Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
Explanation →
Q. Serious infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei and spread by the bite of the tsetse fly
Ans → human African trypanosomiasis
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. A group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
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Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
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Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
Q. The stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. The stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
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Q. The the joining of two complementary single-stranded DNA molecules
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Small number of cells added to medium to start a culture is commonly called
Ans → inoculum
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Q. Type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
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Q. Under physiological condition, the DNA structure is predominantly in the form
Ans → β-Form
Explanation →
Q. Name the cells that can assists in the organization of neurons, provides a scaffold for some aspects of neuron function, and aids in recovery from neural injury
Ans → glial cell
Explanation →
Q. Small red or purple spots on the skin that result from blood leaking out of damaged vessels
Ans → petechiae
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of exotoxin that targets and lyses red blood cells, as well as other cells
Ans → hemolysin
Explanation →
Q. The carbohydrate that is taken as a reference for writing the configuration of others
Ans → Glyceraldehydes
Explanation →
Q. Solutions (aqueous or oily), emulsions, or suspensions for rectal administration of medicaments for cleansing, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.
Ans → enemas
Explanation →
Q. An individual capable of transmitting a pathogen to another individual without becoming infected
Ans → passive carrier
Explanation →
Q. An adaptive immune defenses received from another individual or animal
Ans → passive immunity
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Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →
Q. The name of the protein that has been identified to serve as a primer for glycogen synthesis is
Ans → Glycogenin
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Q. A lymphoid cells that recognize and destroy abnormal target cells by inducing apoptosis
Ans → natural killer cells (NK cells)
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Q. The difference between plasma and serum is the presence or absence of
Ans → Fibrinogen
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Q. Bonds forms between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar molecules
Ans → glycosidic bond
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Q. DNA-binding proteins found in eukaryotes and archaea that aid in orderly packaging of chromosomal DNA
Ans → histones
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. The bonds in protein structure that are not broken on denaturation.
Ans → Peptide bonds
Explanation →
Q. If an electron passes from one orbital to another an electronic transition occurs and there is the emission or absorption of energy corresponding to the difference in energy of the two orbitals known as
Ans → electronic transition
Explanation →
Q. Potentially damaging immune response against an antigen is called
Ans → hypersensitivity
Explanation →
Q. An Obstacle such as coating or embedding, which acts as a factor controlling the rate of drug release.
Ans → diffusion barrier
Explanation →
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
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Q. A condition in which a disease caused by or acquired during a medical procedure
Ans → iatrogenic disease
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Q. Powder formulation in which individual doses of a powdered dosage form are separately wrapped
Ans → divided powder
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Q. Sequenator is an automatic machine to determine amino acid sequence in a polypeptide chain. The reagent used in sequenator is
Ans → Edman’s reagent
Explanation →
Q. The member of the quinolone family that functions by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase, blocking DNA replication
Ans → nalidixic acid
Explanation →
Q. An instrument used to measure the amount of rotation of plane polarized light by a compound, generally prepared in a solution
Ans → polarimeter
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Q. The two final products in the -oxidation of odd chain fatty acids are
Ans → Acetyl CoA and propionyl CoA
Explanation →
Q. The chemical reaction that removes electrons (often as part of H atoms) from donor molecules, leaving them oxidized
Ans → oxidation reaction
Explanation →
Q. The mechanism for making ATP that uses the potential energy stored within an electrochemical gradient to add Pi to ADP
Ans → oxidative phosphorylation
Explanation →
Q. Name of the peptide believed to be involved in the transport of amino acids
Ans → Glutathione
Explanation →
Q. Antihelminthic drug of the benzimidazole class that binds to helminthic β-tubulin, preventing microtubule formation
Ans → mebendazole
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Small red or purple spots on the skin that result from blood leaking out of damaged vessels
Ans → petechiae
Explanation →