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Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
Explanation →
Q. Antihelminthic drug of the benzimidazole class that binds to helminthic β-tubulin, preventing microtubule formation
Ans → mebendazole
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
Q. A ring structure formed from complement proteins C6 through C9 that penetrates the membranes of a targeted cell, causing cell lysis and death
Ans → membrane attack complex (MAC)
Explanation →
Q. The interval of growth when cells divide exponentially; also known as the exponential growth phase
Ans → log phase
Explanation →
Q. A known volumes are vacuum filtered aseptically through a membrane with a pore size small enough to trap microorganisms, which are counted after growth on plates
Ans → membrane filtration technique
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →
Q. Name an organelle of the endomembrane system that contains digestive enzymes that break down engulfed material such as foodstuffs, infectious particles, or damaged cellular components
Ans → lysosome
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Name an inflammatory response that involves both the brain and the membranes that surround it
Ans → meningoencephalitis
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. Crystalline form of a compound in which one or more solvent molecules are part of the crystal strucure.
Ans → solvate
Explanation →
Q. Name proteases released from a natural killer cell that enter the cytoplasm of a target cell, inducing apoptosis
Ans → granzymes
Explanation →
Q. Name hypothyroidism caused by an autoimmune disease affecting thyroid function
Ans → Hashimoto thyroiditis
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. The most commonly employed technique for separation of plasma proteins
Ans → Electrophoresis
Explanation →
Q. Glycoprotein expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells and involved in the presentation of normal “self” antigens and foreign antigens from intracellular pathogens
Ans → MHC I molecule
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. An aqueous solution used for the prevention and treatment of mouth and throat infections.
Ans → gargle
Explanation →
Q. The lipids that possess both hydrophobic (non -polar) and hydrophilic (polar) groups are known as
Ans → amphipathic
Explanation →
Q. Name the antiviral drug that blocks the fusion of HIV receptors to the coreceptors required for virus entry into the cell
Ans → fusion inhibitor
Explanation →
Q. An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomeric isomers of a compound.
Ans → racemic mixture
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. White blood cells of various types, including granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes
Ans → leukocytes
Explanation →
Q. Anti-tuberculosis drug, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) leads to the deficiency of vitamin
Ans → Pyridoxine (B6)
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that contain groups with characteristically different properties, e.g., both hydrophilic and lipophilic (hydrophobic) properties.
Ans → amphiphilic
Explanation →
Q. A a stain that produces colour around the structure of interest while not coloring the structure itself
Ans → negative stain
Explanation →
Q. Antibody that is a monomer when functioning as a receptor on surface of B cells but a pentamer when secreted in response to specific pathogens;
Ans → IgM
Explanation →
Q. Intensely coloured compounds applied to a substrate. Colours are due to the absorption of light to give electronic transitions.
Ans → dyestuffs
Explanation →
Q. Introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation
Ans → horizontal gene transfer
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Scaffold placed into narrowed, diseased vessels (mainly coronary arteries) or a device implanted in a vessel used to help keep it open.
Ans → stent
Explanation →
Q. A condition in which a disease caused by or acquired during a medical procedure
Ans → iatrogenic disease
Explanation →
Q. Name the cell envelope structure outside the cell wall in some bacteria that allows bacteria to adhere to surfaces,
Ans → glycocalyx
Explanation →
Q. Name the longest identical peptide chains in antibody molecules (two per antibody monomer) that composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → heavy chains
Explanation →
Q. Name the painless ulcer that develops at the site of infection in primary syphilis
Ans → hard chancre
Explanation →
Q. The successful colonization of a microorganism within a host is called as
Ans → infection
Explanation →
Q. Defined for powders used pharmaceutically, according to particle sizes.
Ans → powder grades
Explanation →
Q. When a complex molecule becomes broken apart to create two or more smaller ones.
Ans → decomposition
Explanation →