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Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions ( One Liners )-11 b.Pharmacy
Q. Naturally produced protein synthesis inhibitor of the lincosamide class that binds to the 50S subunit, inhibiting peptide bond formation
Ans → lincomycin
Explanation →
Q. Antihelminthic drug of the benzimidazole class that binds to helminthic β-tubulin, preventing microtubule formation
Ans → mebendazole
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. An animal that transfers a pathogen from one host to another or from a reservoir to a host without being infected by the pathogen itself
Ans → mechanical vector
Explanation →
Q. Lipid molecules with attached sugars that are found as components of gram-negative outer membranes
Ans → lipopolysaccharide
Explanation →
Q. A ring structure formed from complement proteins C6 through C9 that penetrates the membranes of a targeted cell, causing cell lysis and death
Ans → membrane attack complex (MAC)
Explanation →
Q. The interval of growth when cells divide exponentially; also known as the exponential growth phase
Ans → log phase
Explanation →
Q. A known volumes are vacuum filtered aseptically through a membrane with a pore size small enough to trap microorganisms, which are counted after growth on plates
Ans → membrane filtration technique
Explanation →
Q. Name the bean-shaped organs situated throughout the body that contain areas called germinal centers, which are rich in B and T lymphocytes
Ans → lymph nodes
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. An activated and differentiated B cell that is programmed to respond to secondary exposures to a specific antigen
Ans → memory B cell
Explanation →
Q. Name an organelle of the endomembrane system that contains digestive enzymes that break down engulfed material such as foodstuffs, infectious particles, or damaged cellular components
Ans → lysosome
Explanation →
Q. It is the ability of the specific adaptive immune system to quickly respond to pathogens to which it has previously been exposed
Ans → memory
Explanation →
Q. Name an inflammatory response that involves both the brain and the membranes that surround it
Ans → meningoencephalitis
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. Name the prokaryotic cell cytoplasmic structures for storing specific nutrients and other resources needed by cells
Ans → inclusions
Explanation →
Q. Process that differentiates or separates solid particles according to their size using a meshed or perfo- rated device.
Ans → sieving
Explanation →
Q. Enzymes lose the catalytic activity at temperature above 70C due to
Ans → Denaturation
Explanation →
Q. The process of separating the lighter particles of a powder from the heavier ones by means of an up- ward-directed stream of fluid (gas or liquid).
Ans → elutriation
Explanation →
Q. Name the five vitamins required by pyruvate dehydrogenase or -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Ans → Thiamine, riboflavin, lipoic acid, niacin, pantothenic acid,
Explanation →
Q. The name of the protein that has been identified to serve as a primer for glycogen synthesis is
Ans → Glycogenin
Explanation →
Q. The relation between the change of free energy (G), enthalpy (H) and entropy (S) is expressed by the equation
Ans → ΔG = ΔH – TΔS (T = Absolute temperature)
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. Larger nucleus in ciliate protists that have two nuclei; polyploid with a reduced genome of metabolic genes and derived from the micronucleus
Ans → macronucleus
Explanation →
Q. The disorder in which the patients have an irresistible urge to bite their fingers and lips is
Ans → Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Explanation →
Q. The disease characterized by impairment in the absorption of neutral amino acids
Ans → Hartnup’s disease
Explanation →
Q. A molecule that seeks out electrons, also known as a Lewis Acid or an electron pair acceptor.
Ans → Electrophile
Explanation →
Q. Highly contagious and acute viral disease of the respiratory tract caused by the influenza virus
Ans → influenza
Explanation →
Q. The particular order in which electrons are arranged in an atom or molecule.
Ans → electronic configuration
Explanation →
Q. Test in which antigen and antisera are added to neighboring wells in an agar gel, allowing visualization of precipitin arcs
Ans → Ouchterlony assay
Explanation →
Q. An aromatic molecule or ion possesses aromaticity. Aromaticity is the special property of planar (or nearly planar) cyclic, conjugated systems having (4n+2) conjugated pi electrons.
Ans → aromatic
Explanation →
Q. The joint effect of two or more drugs such that the combined effect is less than the sum of the effects produced by each agent separately.
Ans → Antagonism
Explanation →
Q. A drug that dulls the sense of pain. It differs from an anesthetic agent in that it relieves pain without loss of consciousness.
Ans → Analgesic
Explanation →
Q. Fourth stage of disease, during which the number of pathogens present in the host decreases, along with signs and symptoms of disease
Ans → period of decline
Explanation →
Q. Name the retrovirus responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans
Ans → human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Explanation →
Q. The interval of growth when cells divide exponentially; also known as the exponential growth phase
Ans → log phase
Explanation →
Q. The long chain fatty acids (C26—C35) are not oxidized due to the absence of peroxisomes. This disorder is known as
Ans → Zellweger syndrome
Explanation →
Q. Dosage form, semi-solid, used for the administration of drugs via the rectal route, for systemic or local effect.
Ans →
Explanation →
Q. The term given to organic molecules which contain no multiple bonds.
Ans → saturated
Explanation →
Q. Microorganism that cannot synthesize its own ATP and, therefore, must rely on a host cell for energy; behaves like a parasite when inside a host cell,
Ans → obligate intracellular pathogen
Explanation →
Q. The amount of change in measured output per unit change in input.
Ans → Amplification
Explanation →
Q. Solutions (aqueous or oily), emulsions, or suspensions for rectal administration of medicaments for cleansing, diagnostic, or therapeutic purposes.
Ans → enemas
Explanation →
Q. DNA sequence located between the promoter region and the first coding gene to which a repressor protein can bind
Ans → operator
Explanation →
Q. Name the highly branched storage polysaccharide that is found animal cells and bacteria
Ans → glycogen
Explanation →
Q. Name class of protein synthesis inhibitors that are similar to macrolides
Ans → lincosamides
Explanation →
Q. Leukocytes found in the peripheral blood that are characterized by numerous granules
Ans → granulocytes
Explanation →
Q. The science and study of the ways in which the pharmaceutical formulation of administered agents can influence their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic behaviour.
Ans → Biopharmaceutics
Explanation →
Q. The major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions is
Ans → Carbohydrates
Explanation →
Q. Name a toxin that affects cell membrane function by either forming pores or disrupting the phospholipid bilayer
Ans → membrane-disrupting toxin
Explanation →