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Sweet (often colored) dilute alcohol-based, “hydroalcoholic”, liquid used in the compounding of drugs to be taken by mouth in order to improve palatability.
Pharmaceutics Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Sweet (often colored) dilute alcohol-based, “hydroalcoholic”, liquid used in the compounding of drugs to be taken by mouth in order to improve palatability.
Ans → elixir
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: one liners Pharmaceutics| B.Pharmacy| Pharmacy file-3 - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - one liners Pharmaceutics| B.Pharmacy| Pharmacy file-3
Q. An Obstacle such as coating or embedding, which acts as a factor controlling the rate of drug release.
Ans → diffusion barrier
Explanation →
Q. Name a stage in the drying of solids, above which the drying rate is linear, at which the drying rate ceases to be linear, until it reaches the equilibrium moisture content.
Ans → critical moisture content
Explanation →
Q. Formulation in which individual doses of a granulated dosage form are separated
Ans → divided granule
Explanation →
Q. Type of comparative bioavailability study designed in such a way as to take into account differences in bioavailability arising from differences between patients suffering from disease
Ans → crossover study
Explanation →
Q. Powder formulation in which individual doses of a powdered dosage form are separately wrapped
Ans → divided powder
Explanation →
Q. Name term that describes a solid of regular shape and the presence of three-dimensional order on the level of atomic dimensions, for a given molecule.
Ans → crystalline
Explanation →
Q. A Formulated preparation of molecules/drugs that are rarely if ever suitable for administration to patients without additives.
Ans → dosage form
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Q. Dosage form in which the active ingredient is insoluble in the carrier; includes aerosols, suspensions, emulsions , and foams
Ans → disperse system
Explanation →
Q. A Biologically active substance, which when biodistributed in the body is expected to modify one or more of its functions.
Ans → drug
Explanation →
Q. Solid preparation that on contact with water breaks apart by the effect of gas evolution, resulting commonly from the reaction of hydrogen carbonate with citric or tartaric acid, in order to facilitate dissolution or dispersion of the active ingredient before ingestion.
Ans → effervescent tablet
Explanation →
Q. Opposite of deliquescence; the drying of a salt solution when the vapour pressure of water in the saturated solution of a substance is greater than the partial pressure of water in the ambient air.
Ans → efflorescence
Explanation →
Q. Name a technological process, which consists of mixing or inclusion of the therapeutic substance with an excipient or their mixtures, typically as a matrix dosage form, in order to change the rate of release.
Ans → embedding
Explanation →
Q. Sweet (often colored) dilute alcohol-based, “hydroalcoholic”, liquid used in the compounding of drugs to be taken by mouth in order to improve palatability.
Ans → elixir
Explanation →
Q. The process of separating the lighter particles of a powder from the heavier ones by means of an upward-directed stream of fluid
Ans → elutriation
Explanation →
Q. Name a substance that loses water to form a lower hydrate or becomes anhydrous spontaneously.
Ans → efflorescent
Explanation →
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Q. Transition of a suspension of solid, usually colloid, particles in a liquid (sol) to an apparent solid, jelly- like material
Ans → sol-gel transition
Explanation →
Q. Trypsin hydrolyses peptide bonds, the carbonyl group of which is contributed by the amino acids
Ans → Arginine and lysine
Explanation →
Q. The representation of a compound by two or more canonical structures in which the valence electrons are rearranged to give structures of similar probability.
Ans → resonance
Explanation →
Q. The joint effect of two or more drugs such that the combined effect is less than the sum of the effects produced by each agent separately.
Ans → Antagonism
Explanation →
Q. Transport of glucose from the lumen to the intestinal mucosal cells is coupled with diffusion of
Ans → Enteropeptidase
Explanation →
Q. Intensely coloured compounds applied to a substrate. Colours are due to the absorption of light to give electronic transitions.
Ans → dyestuffs
Explanation →
Q. A Pharmaceutical preparation that releases the drug(s) at a time other than promptly after administration.
Ans →
Explanation →
Q. the phenomenon in which plane polarised light is turned in a clockwise direction.
Ans → dextrorotatory
Explanation →
Q. Chemically modified form of a pharmacologically active compound that has to undergo biochemical or chemical transformation before exhibiting its pharmacological effect.
Ans → prodrug
Explanation →
Q. Name the adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. A group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. An antibacterial and antiprotozoan drug of the nitroimidazole class that is activated in anaerobic target cell and introduces DNA strand breakage, thus interfering with DNA replication in target cells
Ans → metronidazole
Explanation →
Q. Lowest concentration of an antibacterial drug necessary to inhibit the growth of a microorganism.
Ans → minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that contain groups with characteristically different properties, e.g., both hydrophilic and lipophilic (hydrophobic) properties.
Ans → amphiphilic
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. the process of improving the octane number of straight-run gasoline by increasing the proportion of aromatic and branched chain alkanes.
Ans → catalytic reforming
Explanation →
Q. The number of ATP produced when a molecule of acetyl CoA is oxidized through citric acid cycle
Ans → 12
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
Q. Close, tight aggregation of colloid particles, emulsion droplets, suspension particles, which are difficult to redisperse.
Ans → coagulation
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Q. Bonds forms between the hydroxyl groups of two sugar molecules
Ans → glycosidic bond
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Q. Existence of two or more different crystal structures for the same compound.
Ans → polymorphism
Explanation →
Q. It occurs when a hydrogen atom has an electromagnetic attractive interaction with an electronegative atom.
Ans → Hydrogen Bonding
Explanation →
Q. Time required to achieve the minimum effective plasma concentration following administration of the dosage form.
Ans → onset of drug action
Explanation →
Q. The childrens in the age group between 2-5 years are susceptible to _______ disease.
Ans → Diphtheria
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. Class of antibacterials that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to peptidoglycan subunits and blocking their insertion into the cell wall
Ans → glycopeptides
Explanation →
Q. A virus composed of a nucleic acid core, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a capsid
Ans → naked virus
Explanation →
Q. The term given to organic molecules which contain no multiple bonds.
Ans → saturated
Explanation →
Q. The chemical reaction that removes electrons (often as part of H atoms) from donor molecules, leaving them oxidized
Ans → oxidation reaction
Explanation →
Q. A ligand that binds to a receptor and alters the receptor state resulting in a biological response.
Ans → Agonist
Explanation →
Q. Initial, typically larger than the maintenance dose of a drug given to a patient at the start of pharmacotherapy.
Ans → loading dose
Explanation →
Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
Explanation →
Q. Relative amount of the administered dose of a drug that reaches systemic circulation from a certain dosage form in comparison to the amount that reaches the systemic circulation by iv administration
Ans → bioavailability
Explanation →
Q. An instrument that measures the degree of absorption (or emission) of electromagnetic radiation by a substance.
Ans → spectrophotometer
Explanation →