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A molecule that seeks out electrons, also known as a Lewis Acid or an electron pair acceptor.
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. A molecule that seeks out electrons, also known as a Lewis Acid or an electron pair acceptor.
Ans → Electrophile
Explanation →
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Q. A bond formed from the electrostatic attraction between ions with different charges. This typically consists of a metal (cation) and a nonmetal (anion). A metal loses electrons to form a cation and some non-metal gains those electrons to form an anion.
Ans → Ionic Bond
Explanation →
Q. It occurs when a hydrogen atom has an electromagnetic attractive interaction with an electronegative atom.
Ans → Hydrogen Bonding
Explanation →
Q. An atom, or group of atoms, that is responsible for reactivity of the molecule it is a part of.
Ans → Functional Groups
Explanation →
Q. A hydrocarbon containing a carbonyl (C=O) adjacent to an ether (C-O-C) linkage.
Ans → Esters
Explanation →
Q. A molecule that seeks out electrons, also known as a Lewis Acid or an electron pair acceptor.
Ans → Electrophile
Explanation →
Q. Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction an atom has for electrons.
Ans → Electronegativity
Explanation →
Q. The process by which proteins lose their 3-D (tertiary and secondary) structure by application of an external stress, most often heat.
Ans → Denatured
Explanation →
Q. A very strong attraction between two or more atoms that are sharing their electrons.
Ans → Covalent Bond
Explanation →
Q. Isomers that differ in the order the atoms are placed. They have the same number of atoms, just in a different order.
Ans → Constitutional Isomers
Explanation →
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Q. The energy levels of electrons in an atom which may be described in terms of the four quantum numbers.
Ans → atomic orbital
Explanation →
Q. When a complex molecule becomes broken apart to create two or more smaller ones.
Ans → decomposition
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Organic substances occurring naturally, which are basic, forming salts with acids. The basic group is usually an amino function.
Ans → alkaloid
Explanation →
Q. Biological molecules, such as DNA and RNA, composed of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
Ans → Nucleic Acids
Explanation →
Q. The means of entry by a pathogen through skin or mucous membranes when these barriers are breached
Ans → parenteral route
Explanation →
Q. Name the rule that states that atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons in order to achieve a filled valence shell, to complete their octet.
Ans → Octet Rule
Explanation →
Q. Name a dormant cell that survives in the death phase and is resistant to most antibiotics
Ans → persister
Explanation →
Q. Used to describe when symmetric parts of a molecule are not super imposable on one another.
Ans → chirality
Explanation →
Q. Name the process in which rapid freezing, followed by placement under a vacuum, of a material so that water is lost by sublimation, thereby inhibiting microbial growth
Ans → lyophilization
Explanation →
Q. Trypsin hydrolyses peptide bonds, the carbonyl group of which is contributed by the amino acids
Ans → Arginine and lysine
Explanation →
Q. When a mix of liquids is separated by heating it up because one liquid boils at a different temperature than the other.
Ans → distillation
Explanation →
Q. Name the longest identical peptide chains in antibody molecules (two per antibody monomer) that composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → heavy chains
Explanation →
Q. What is the name of the eye infection caused by herpes simplex virus
Ans → herpes keratitis
Explanation →
Q. A group that is used to protect a functional group from unwanted reactions. After application the protecting group can be removed to reveal the original functional group.
Ans → protecting group
Explanation →
Q. A a term applied to an atom or molecule having one or more free valencies.
Ans → radical
Explanation →
Q. The compound implicated in the development of cataract in diabetic patients is
Ans → Sorbitol
Explanation →
Q. A substance that cannot be divded chemically into component substances.
Ans → element
Explanation →
Q. Transition of a suspension of solid, usually colloid, particles in a liquid (sol) to an apparent solid, jelly- like material
Ans → sol-gel transition
Explanation →
Q. The shorter identical peptide chains of an antibody molecule (two per antibody monomer), composed of variable and constant region segments
Ans → light chains
Explanation →
Q. Name the process producing a mixture of lactic acid, ethanol and/or acetic acid, and CO2 as fermentation products
Ans → heterolactic fermentation
Explanation →
Q. When a compound is changed into water, heat, and CO2 as a result of combining with oxygen.
Ans → combustion
Explanation →
Q. Transition of a solid crystalline phase to another phase having the same chemical composition but a dif- ferent crystal structure.
Ans → polymorphic transition
Explanation →
Q. Use of products containing genetic material (e.g., pDNA, antisense DNA, si RNA) to treat a disease or condition, or to modify or manipulate the expression of genetic material or to alter the biological properties of living cells.
Ans → gene therapy
Explanation →
Q. The joint effect of two or more drugs such that the combined effect is less than the sum of the effects produced by each agent separately.
Ans → Antagonism
Explanation →
Q. A a pair of isomers which are related as mirror images of one another.
Ans → enantiomers
Explanation →
Q. The amino acid required for the formation of glutathione
Ans → Glycine, Cysteine, Glutamate
Explanation →
Q. An aromatic molecule or ion possesses aromaticity. Aromaticity is the special property of planar (or nearly planar) cyclic, conjugated systems having (4n+2) conjugated pi electrons.
Ans → aromatic
Explanation →
Q. The process wherein orbitals of similar energies are combined to form a set of equivalent ‘hybrid’ orbital.
Ans → hybridization
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of kidney infection involving the glomeruli of the nephrons
Ans → glomerulonephritis
Explanation →