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The electrons of an atom that are highest in energy and in the outermost orbitals.
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. The electrons of an atom that are highest in energy and in the outermost orbitals.
Ans → Valence Electrons
Explanation →
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Q. The electrons of an atom that are highest in energy and in the outermost orbitals.
Ans → Valence Electrons
Explanation →
Q. A hydrocarbon that can undergo addition reactions, meaning it contains a double or a triple bond.
Ans → Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Explanation →
Q. Molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of atoms yet differ in their 3-D orientation.
Ans → Stereoisomer
Explanation →
Q. The ability of electrons to "shuffle," or alternate, between bonds, making the molecule extremely stable. The best example of this is benzene.
Ans → Resonance
Explanation →
Q. A polypeptide composed of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds.
Ans → Proteins
Explanation →
Q. Large macromolecules composed of many similar (sometimes identical) smaller molecules, or monomers, linked together.
Ans → Polymers
Explanation →
Q. Name the rule that states that atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons in order to achieve a filled valence shell, to complete their octet.
Ans → Octet Rule
Explanation →
Q. Biological molecules, such as DNA and RNA, composed of a nitrogen base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group.
Ans → Nucleic Acids
Explanation →
Q. Name the formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule.
Ans → Molecular Formula
Explanation →
Q. A chemical formula where electrons are represented with dots. Covalent bonds are represented with a line connecting two atoms—the line represents two electrons.
Ans → Lewis Structure
Explanation →
Q. A functional group consisting of an internal carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two other carbon atoms
Ans → Ketones
Explanation →
Q. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas
Ans → Isomer
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
Q. The migration of a double bond in a 3-carbon system from carbon atoms one and two to carbon atoms two and three
Ans → allylic rearrangement
Explanation →
Q. Structure of protein complexes formed by the combination of several separate polypeptides or subunits
Ans → quaternary structure
Explanation →
Q. A term applied to the combination of molecules of a substance with one another to form more complex systems.
Ans → association
Explanation →
Q. Isomers that differ in the order the atoms are placed. They have the same number of atoms, just in a different order.
Ans → Constitutional Isomers
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Specific case of drug embedding in insoluble excipients (typically in a polymer) in order to achieve extended release.
Ans → matrix formulation
Explanation →
Q. The most important enzyme involved in oxidative deamination is
Ans → Glutamate dehydrogenase
Explanation →
Q. The compound implicated in the development of cataract in diabetic patients is
Ans → Sorbitol
Explanation →
Q. If an electron passes from one orbital to another an electronic transition occurs and there is the emission or absorption of energy corresponding to the difference in energy of the two orbitals known as
Ans → electronic transition
Explanation →
Q. The the sequencing of genomic fragments from microbial communities, allowing researchers to study genes from a collection of multiple species
Ans → metagenomics
Explanation →
Q. A drug that dulls the sense of pain. It differs from an anesthetic agent in that it relieves pain without loss of consciousness.
Ans → Analgesic
Explanation →
Q. Technological process, which consists of mixing or inclusion of the therapeutic substance with an excipient or their mixtures,
Ans → embedding
Explanation →
Q. Proteins that participate in ribosome assembly during initiation
Ans → initiation factors
Explanation →
Q. The movement of chemicals (drugs) into, through, and out of biological organisms or their parts.
Ans → Biotranslocation
Explanation →
Q. A ligand that binds to a receptor and alters the receptor state resulting in a biological response.
Ans → Agonist
Explanation →
Q. Additives making a substance soluble or more soluble, especially in water.
Ans → solubilizing agents
Explanation →
Q. On a light microscope, the lenses closest to the specimen, typically located at the ends of turrets is called as
Ans → objective lenses
Explanation →
Q. Helpful in some with depression. It may also be useful in the treatment of vitiligo. may exacerbate tardive dyskinesia in some schizophrenic patients and in some who have used neuroleptic drugs
Ans → Phenylalanine
Explanation →
Q. Used to describe when symmetric parts of a molecule are not super imposable on one another.
Ans → chirality
Explanation →
Q. Pace at which a drug along with the stomach content leaves and enters the duodenum.
Ans → gastric emptying rate
Explanation →
Q. A compound released from a natural killer cell that creates pores in the target cell through which other toxins (particularly granzymes) can gain access to the cytoplasm
Ans → perforin
Explanation →
Q. A reaction between an acid and a base that results in salt and water.
Ans → neutralization reaction
Explanation →
Q. A staining technique in which cells are fixed and holes dissolved in the membrane to allow passage of labeled antibodies to bind specific intracellular targets
Ans → immunocytochemistry (ICC)
Explanation →
Q. Transition of a solid crystalline phase to another phase having the same chemical composition but a dif- ferent crystal structure.
Ans → polymorphic transition
Explanation →
Q. Carbohydrates are the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones, or compounds which produce them on
Ans → Hydrolysis
Explanation →
Q. Name the compound that is increased in RBC of anemic patients to facilitate the supply of O2 to the tissues
Ans → 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
Explanation →
Q. Glycoprotein expressed on the surface of all nucleated cells and involved in the presentation of normal “self” antigens and foreign antigens from intracellular pathogens
Ans → MHC I molecule
Explanation →
Q. A host in which a parasite goes through some stages of its life cycle before migrating to the definitive host
Ans → intermediate host
Explanation →
Q. An instrument that measures the degree of absorption (or emission) of electromagnetic radiation by a substance.
Ans → spectrophotometer
Explanation →