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Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology – a convergence of pathology with physiology – is the study of the disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury.

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ibd)

diksha bhatla  
30 Jun 2022   

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to host intestinal microflora....

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Gastrointestinal Tract

diksha bhatla  
29 Jun 2022   

The human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an organ system responsible for consuming and digesting food....

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Nervous System

diksha bhatla  
28 Jun 2022   

The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and all of the  nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body. ...

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Endocrine System

diksha bhatla  
27 Jun 2022   

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and release hormones that help to control many important body functions, especially the body’...

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Hematological Diseases

diksha bhatla  
25 Jun 2022   

Anemia is a medical condition in which the red blood cell count or hemoglobin (Hb) is less than normal. The oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is...

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Urinary System

diksha bhatla  
24 Jun 2022   

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood...

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Respiratory System

diksha bhatla  
23 Jun 2022   

The cells of the human body require a constant stream of oxygen to stay alive. There are 3 major parts of the respiratory system: the airway, the lung...

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Principles Of Cancer

diksha bhatla  
22 Jun 2022   

When cells in some area of body duplicate without control, the excess of tissue that...

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Diseases Of Bones & Joints

diksha bhatla  
21 Jun 2022   

INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN SKELETON  The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is composed of 270 bones at birth. This total 206 ...

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Cardiovascular System

diksha bhatla  
20 Jun 2022   

INTRODUCTION TO CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM The heart is muscular organ about the size of a closed fist located in the chest between the lungs behind th...

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Basic Mechanism Involved In The Process Of Inflammation, Repair, And Atherosclerosis

diksha bhatla  
9 Jun 2022   

Inflammation is a critical homeostatic process that is activated by cellular injury regardless of the mechanism of that injury. ...

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Basic principles of cell injury

diksha bhatla  
3 Jun 2022   

Cell injury is the common denominator in almost all diseases. It is defined as 'an alteration in cell structure or biochemical functioning, re...

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Typhoid Fever: An In-depth Exploration of Causes, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Treatment, and Prevention

diksha bhatla  
18 Oct 2022   

Typhoid Fever, also known as enteric fever, is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. Explore its pathophysiology, from mucosal interactions to re...

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Inflammation: Acute vs. Chronic and Basic Mechanisms

diksha bhatla  
13 Jun 2022   

Explore the intricacies of inflammation, classified into acute and chronic responses. Acute inflammation, of short duration, marks the early b...

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Pharmacy notes: Acidosis and Alkalosis in Phathophysiology

diksha bhatla  
7 Jun 2022   

Alkalosis is excessive blood alkalinity caused by an overabundance of bicarbonate in the blood or a loss of acid from the blood (metabolic alkalosis...

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Tuberculosis Information: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention

diksha bhatla  
21 Oct 2022   

Explore a comprehensive guide on Tuberculosis (TB) - its causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. Learn about Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the ba...

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Syphilis

diksha bhatla  
25 Oct 2022   

Syphilis is sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum. This disease can be passed to another person t...

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URINARY TRACT INFECTION

diksha bhatla  
22 Oct 2022   

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is second to respiratory infection as the most common type of infection in the body. It is a bacterial infection involvi...

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GOUT

diksha bhatla  
17 Oct 2022   

Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated serum uric acid levels and deposits of urate crystals in synovial fluids and surrounding t...

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osteoporosis

diksha bhatla  
15 Oct 2022   

Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break(Latin “porous bones”). The inside of a healthy bone has s...

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osteoarthritis

diksha bhatla  
15 Oct 2022   

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people around the world. It can be thought of as a degenerative disord...

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rheumatoid arthritis

diksha bhatla  
13 Oct 2022   

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that results in a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that may affect many tissues and organs, ...

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Hepatitis

diksha bhatla  
11 Oct 2022   

Hepatitis means injury to the liver with inflammation of the liver cells. Toxins, certain drugs, some diseases, heavy alcohol use, bacterial and viral...

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ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE

diksha bhatla  
11 Oct 2022   

Alcoholic Liver Disease is a syndrome of progressive inflammatory liver injury associated with long-term heavy intake of alcohol. The pathogenesis is ...

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Peptic ulcer

diksha bhatla  
7 Oct 2022   

Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop in the inside lining of the esophagus, stomach and upper portion of small intestine (duodenum) as a result o...

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ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE NOTES

diksha bhatla  
6 Oct 2022   

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain’s nerve cells, or neurons especially in the cerebral cortex, r...

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SCHIZOPHRENIA

diksha bhatla  
4 Oct 2022   

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, characterized by profound disruptions in thinking, affecting language, perception, and the sense of self. ...

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Depression

diksha bhatla  
3 Oct 2022   

Depression is a common mental disorder, characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep...

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STROKE

diksha bhatla  
30 Sep 2022   

A stroke is a "brain attack". It occurs when blood flow to an area of brain is cut off. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and begi...

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Parkinson's Disease

diksha bhatla  
29 Sep 2022   

In 1817, British Physician Dr. James Parkinson published a case series describing six patients afflicted with the “shaking palsy” (paralysis agitans...

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EPILEPSY

diksha bhatla  
28 Sep 2022   

Seizure is the transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal, excessive, or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Signs or sym...

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