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Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Microbiology Pharmacist Competitive Exams
Q. Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
This question is taken from the test/quiz post: Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy - attemp/practice
More oneliners in - Microbiology Important Questions (One Liners Set - 8) | Pharmacy
Q. Name a group of common sexually transmitted viruses that may be associated with genital warts or with cervical cancer
Ans → human papillomavirus (HPV)
Explanation →
Q. Name adaptive immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B cells
Ans → humoral immunity
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of replication during which various proteins bind to the origin of replication to begin the replication process
Ans → initiation of DNA replication
Explanation →
Q. Name the stage of transcription during which RNA polymerase binds to a promoter and transcription begins
Ans → initiation of transcription
Explanation →
Q. Name a microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature close to the temperature of boiling water
Ans → hyperthermophile
Explanation →
Q. Name the type of mutation involving the addition of one or more bases into a DNA sequence
Ans → insertion
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a nonpolar molecule or portion of a molecule not capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophobic
Explanation →
Q. Name the antiviral drugs that block the activity of the HIV integrase responsible for recombination of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host cell chromosome
Ans → integrase inhibitors
Explanation →
Q. Name the molecule that slides between the stacked nitrogenous bases of the DNA double helix, potentially resulting in a frameshift mutation
Ans → intercalating agent
Explanation →
Q. Name the term that refers to a polar molecule or portion of a molecule capable of strong attraction to water molecules
Ans → hydrophilic
Explanation →
Q. The distortion of a light wave due to interaction with another wave
Ans → interference
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines released by cells that have been infected with a virus; stimulate antiviral responses in nearby cells as well as the cells secreting the interferons
Ans → interferons
Explanation →
Q. The clones of cell produced by fusing a normal B cell with a myeloma cell that is capable of producing monoclonal antibodies indefinitely
Ans → hybridoma
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Name the enzyme produced by pathogens that degrades hyaluronic acid between adjacent cells in connective tissue
Ans → hyaluronidase
Explanation →
More one-liners in - Microbiology
Q. The long chain fatty acids (C26—C35) are not oxidized due to the absence of peroxisomes. This disorder is known as
Ans → Zellweger syndrome
Explanation →
Q. The representation of a compound by two or more canonical structures in which the valence electrons are rearranged to give structures of similar probability.
Ans → resonance
Explanation →
Q. The major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions is
Ans → Carbohydrates
Explanation →
Q. The means of entry by a pathogen through skin or mucous membranes when these barriers are breached
Ans → parenteral route
Explanation →
Q. The short fragment of DNA made during lagging strand synthesis
Ans → Okazaki fragment
Explanation →
Q. The isomerism associated with unsaturated fatty acids
Ans → Geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism)
Explanation →
Q. Name term that describes a solid of regular shape and the presence of three-dimensional order on the level of atomic dimensions, for a given molecule.
Ans → crystalline
Explanation →
Q. Which enzymes in glycolysis catalyses an irreversible reaction
Ans → Pyruvate kinase , Phosphofructokinase, Hexokinase
Explanation →
Q. A chemical reaction where water is introduced in another substance usually to separate it.
Ans → hydrolysis
Explanation →
Q. Large macromolecules composed of many similar (sometimes identical) smaller molecules, or monomers, linked together.
Ans → Polymers
Explanation →
Q. A Substance that absorbs sufficient moisture from the atmosphere to dissolve itself.
Ans → deliquescent
Explanation →
Q. The scientist who observed that there exists a relationship between the contents of purines and pyrimidines in DNA structure
Ans → Erwin Chargaff
Explanation →
Q. When a complex molecule becomes broken apart to create two or more smaller ones.
Ans → decomposition
Explanation →
Q. An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomeric isomers of a compound.
Ans → racemic mixture
Explanation →
Q. The metabolite among the citric acid cycle intermediates performing a catalytic role
Ans → Oxaloacetate
Explanation →
Q. The disease in which very high amount of tryptophan (nearly 60%) is converted to serotonin is
Ans → Malignant carcinoid syndrome
Explanation →
Q. Device that disperses liquids to aerosols for therapeutic use by inhalation through a mask.
Ans → nebulizer
Explanation →
Q. Cytokines largely produced by immune system cells that help coordinate efforts against invading pathogens
Ans → interleukins
Explanation →
Q. Name the chronic bacterial infection of peripheral nervous tissues caused by the acid-fast bacterium,
Ans → Hansen’s Disease
Explanation →
Q. The name of the protein that has been identified to serve as a primer for glycogen synthesis is
Ans → Glycogenin
Explanation →
Q. Plasma lipoprotein that is inversely correlated with coronary heart disease is
Ans → HDL
Explanation →
Q. Larger nucleus in ciliate protists that have two nuclei; polyploid with a reduced genome of metabolic genes and derived from the micronucleus
Ans → macronucleus
Explanation →
Q. Name the plasmid containing genes encoding proteins that make a bacterial cell resistant to one or more antibiotics
Ans → R plasmid
Explanation →
Q. A polypeptide composed of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds.
Ans → Proteins
Explanation →
Q. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in newborns caused by Chlamydia trachomatis transmitted during childbirth is
Ans → inclusion conjunctivitis
Explanation →
Q. Name the class of exotoxin that targets and lyses red blood cells, as well as other cells
Ans → hemolysin
Explanation →
Q. A a DNA molecule resulting from the cutting and insertion of DNA from one organism into the DNA of another organism, resulting in a new combination of genetic material
Ans → recombinant DNA molecule
Explanation →
Q. It is staining method which differentiates morphologically similar organisms, by staining with more than one stain
Ans → Differential staining
Explanation →
Q. Continued substance use despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent psychological, or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by use of the substance
Ans → Addiction
Explanation →
Q. A a special objective lens on a microscope designed to be used with immersion oil to improve resolution
Ans → oil immersion lens
Explanation →
Q. A chemical reaction after which the resulting agents cannot be changed back into the reactions ingredients.
Ans → irreversible reaction
Explanation →
Q. A herpes infection of the newborn, generally caused by infection during birth
Ans → neonatal herpes
Explanation →
Q. Name the painless ulcer that develops at the site of infection in primary syphilis
Ans → hard chancre
Explanation →